Human Error by James Reason Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Human Error by James Reason - Essay Example Referencing around eighty books, 'Human Error' today is cited itself by more than a hundred works by authors like A. Hale, John R. Wilson and E. J. Lovesay etc. The book draws a schism of three parts where the first portion comprising of the first two chapters inoculate the fundamental ideas, research traditions and brings an account of background studies pertaining to errors. The middle part from chapter three to five elucidates the error mechanisms and the common reasons behind a wide range of errors. The final section comprising of the remaining chapters throws light on the result of errors that range from their detection, unintentional contributions to them and the curative steps towards them. As clear from the title, the first chapter of the book elucidates the nature of errors, draws a classification of various types of errors and the strategies that lead to their detection. According to Reason the two major types of errors are similarity-matching and frequency-bias. The second chapter of the book traces back the significant studies done in the area human error which Reason classifies into natural science approach and the engineering approach based on the practice of their research. These are the studies that form the foundation of Reason's Human Error. I Performance Levels and Error Types: In the third chapter, the author introduces a Generic error modelling system that facilitates the identification of three types of error types namely; skill based slips and lapses, rule based mistakes and knowledge based mistakes. The model is rather a combination of ideas on cognitive theories from Rasmussen, Rouse, Anderson, and the Holland, Holyoak, Nisbett, and Thagard. Cognitive Underspecification and Error Forms: "When cognitive operations are underspecified, they tend to default to contextually appropriate, high-frequency responses." 2 The fourth chapter harps around the topic of cognitive under-specification. The author also explains the two factors (Similarity and Frequency) on the basis of which the errors are classified. A Design for a Fallible Machine: The fifth chapter of the book proposes the concept of fallible machine - an information machine that would work precisely for most of the time but would also produce errors at times. The purpose behind such a machine was to create an experimental model that would resemble the behaviours of humans and their tendency towards making the errors. The Detection of Errors: This chapter pertains to the concepts of error detection and their correction. While talking about correction, the author explains two types of error correction mechanisms, namely the low level correction mechanism and the high level correction mechanism of which the former is proposed to work better than the latter. Latent Errors and Systems Disasters: In this chapter the author draws a schism in the types of errors in terms of the accidental contribution to their occurence. Here the two types of errors are Active Errors and Latent

Fahrenheit 451 Essay Example for Free

Fahrenheit 451 Essay In the book Fahrenheit 451, Beatty claims that If you dont want a house built, hide the nails and wood (61). * What Beatty means here, is that if people dont want society to have knowledge, then all knowledge-bearing materials must be destroyed, which in this instance, are books. Books give people knowledge and more complications, which he claims can make people less happy. Ignorance is bliss because every character in Fahrenheit 451 who discovers the truth is in immediate trouble, and completely loses their control on life. Clarisse is a character who finds herself in trouble because of awareness of the truth. For example, Clarisse says Oh, they dont miss me, Im antisocial. I dont mix. Its so strange. Im very social indeed (29). She cannot fit in with her peers because of her education, and has a hard time socializing at all. A child who is incapable of making friends due to higher education is a very troubling experience for anyone. Beatty also says Clarisse McClellan? Weve a record on her family. Weve watched them carefully. Heredity and environment are funny things. You cant rid yourself of all the odd ducks in just a few years (60). Because of Clarisses family background, and their history, Beatty and the rest of the firemen keep a very close eye on her family. Her entire family is looked upon as social outcasts because of their lack of ignorance. Clarisse later disappears from society. Clarisse is separated and discriminated against, and for this, she was not even able to function in society due to her education. Even more troubling, are the events that occur at Mrs. Blakes house. Mrs. Blake held in her possession an entire library of books, and the fire department is called to have them destroyed (36-38). By the time the fire department got there, and pumped kerosene all over the entire house, she refuses to leave the house. She said You can stop counting as the firemen continued to count and give her time to evacuate the house before burning it (39). She wants them to stop wasting their breath and allow her to remain in the house while it was burned. The woman on the porch reached out with contempt to them all and struck the kitchen match against the railing (40). The entire house is burned, with her in it. The woman committed suicide, due to her education and presence of the books. She is so befuddled by the content in the books, that when educated, she refused to even live any longer once her source of knowledge was burned. Being burned to death is about the most cruel way to die, and Mrs. Blake did all this only because she had been educated. Also, Faber found himself getting into several problematic situations involving his lack of ignorance. Faber was once an English teacher, meaning that he was very highly educated, because he had the permission to educate students (74). Faber is one who was around during the time where books were starting to be deleted from existence. He had the knowledge, and the ability to stand up for what was right, but never did. Faber has had to live with his guilt for several years now, just wishing he would have done something different, all because he was educated and enjoyed reading. If Faber would have never been educated, he wouldnt waste his time worrying about the past! During a huge fight between Beatty and Montag, Beatty says Well-So theres more here than I thought. I saw you tilt your head, listening. First I thought you had a Seashell. But when you turned clever later, I wondered. Well trace this and drop it on your friend (118). Beatty is threatening to bring harm to Faber, for being associated with Montag. He plans on taking both of them to jail, at this point. Faber was about to get serious jail time or more serious punishment, just for being associated with someone who was trying to become smarter! Its very troubling to have the want to be educated, but be punished for the thirst for more education, which is exactly what happened to Faber. However, the best example of someone whose life is destroyed by the absence of ignorance and the presence of books, is Montag. Montag, the protagonist has a life of order in the beginning of the book, he says It was a pleasure to burn. It was a special pleasure to see things eaten, to see things blackened and changed (3). Montag enjoys his life of destruction at first, and nobody is directly harmed by it. After discovering books, this all changed. Montag eventually loses it, kills Beatty (119), and runs from the law (137-179). Montag lost everything: his wife, his house, his job, his friends, his entire life! Montags life was most affected by the presence of books, and the deletion of all previous ignorance, because with the addition of education, Montags life became a complete misery he wished to get out of.

Adam Sandler :: essays research papers

Adam Sandler is a well-known comedian, musician, actor, screenwriter, and singer. He is known throughout the nation for his accomplishments in the entertainment business.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Adam Sandler was born on September 9, 1966, in Brooklyn, New York. He was educated at New Hampshire’s Manchester Central High School during the early 1980’s. He later went to New York University and earned a Bachelor of Fine Arts Degree in 1991 (“Celeb-Site';). Adam’s first time in the spotlight was when he was 11, and he sung “16'; by Ringo Starr at his sister’s wedding (Arnold 110). Yet, his career of being a comedian began at age 17, when he got up on stage at a Boston comedy club. He really had no influences; he spontaneously got on stage. After that he performed regularly at the University and at clubs. Adam also got a spot on The Cosby Show as one of Theo’s friends. He was also featured on MTV’s Remote Control, and on Saturday Night Live during the 1990-91 season (“dAvYgRaVy';). His performances caused an article to be posted in the L.A. Times, which said that he was “the most talentless, juvenile, and offensive of the current cast…'; Obviously, not everyone felt this way because he continued to get jobs in the entertainment field. Adam’s early career stretched to different areas, but he was really discovered during his first season on Saturday Night Live (“Celeb-Site’). Adam also worked on productions other than sitcoms, like movies. In fact, Adam has made many movies throughout his career. His films include Billy Madison, Happy Gilmore, The Water Boy, and many others (“WBR';). Adam also had his hand in the music career. His albums include “They’re All Gonna Laugh At You';, “What the Hell Happened to Me?';, “What’s Your Name?';, and “The Lonesome Kicker';. Adam’s talent showed through when he was nominated for a Grammy Award for the album, “They’re All Gonna Laugh at You'; in 1993 (“WBR';).

Analyzing Internet Sources

The first and more important thing I learned was to look for credible sources. One way to do this is to look for bias and opinion. You should look for sources that are based solely on facts and will not attempt to shape your opinion of the topic when you read it. Another thing is to make sure you find your information in other sources to verify it is true and correct. Remember that it is difficult to spot credible sources online. Another thing to keep on mind are legal issues regarding copyright and plagiarism. Just because something is online does not mean it is unprotected. I will use these practices by making sure that I do more extensive research when I find something online. Just because it is there doesn’t make it true. I want to stay free of any problems of that nature and make my work reflect my abilities as a student. How can you determine if the information on a website is reputable and worthwhile for a research paper? Why is Wikipedia not an acceptable academic source? You can determine if the information is reputable and worthwhile by first looking at the URL. Most of the time if it ends with . edu or . gov it will be a good one. Also, another good thing to do is to research the authors and their credentials. You want to know who is writing this information and how qualified they really are. Another good tip is to look at the date. Let’s say you are writing about something that happened recently. There can be new developments on the story daily and you want all your information to be up to date and correct. Wikipedia is not an acceptable academic source because it is an open source of information. That information is not monitored at any time and can be posted by anybody. Some people even go on Wikipedia and say they are an anonymous writer. How can you know it’s true if you don’t know who wrote it?

The Voting Rights Act of 1965

The 1965 Enactment By 1965 concerted efforts to break the grip of state disfranchisement had been under way for some time, but had achieved only modest success overall and in some areas had proved almost entirely ineffectual. The murder of voting-rights activists in Philadelphia, Mississippi, gained national attention, along with numerous other acts of violence and terrorism.Finally, the unprovoked attack on March 7, 1965, by state troopers on peaceful marchers crossing the Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma, Alabama, en route to the state capitol in Montgomery, persuaded the President and Congress to overcome Southern legislators' resistance to effective voting rights legislation. President Johnson issued a call for a strong voting rights law and hearings began soon thereafter on the bill that would become the Voting Rights Act.Congress determined that the existing federal anti-discrimination laws were not sufficient to overcome the resistance by state officials to enforcement of the 15t h Amendment. The legislative hearings showed that the Department of Justice's efforts to eliminate discriminatory election practices by litigation on a case-by-case basis had been unsuccessful in opening up the registration process; as soon as one discriminatory practice or procedure was proven to be unconstitutional and enjoined, a new one would be substituted in its place and litigation would have to commence anew.President Johnson signed the resulting legislation into law on August 6, 1965. Section 2 of the Act, which closely followed the language of the 15th amendment, applied a nationwide prohibition against the denial or abridgment of the right to vote on the literacy tests on a nationwide basis. Among its other provisions, the Act contained special enforcement provisions targeted at those areas of the country where Congress believed the potential for discrimination to be the greatest.Under Section 5, jurisdictions covered by these special provisions could not implement any ch ange affecting voting until the Attorney General or the United States District Court for the District of Columbia determined that the change did not have a discriminatory purpose and would not have a discriminatory effect. In addition, the Attorney General could designate a county covered by these special provisions for the appointment of a federal examiner to review the qualifications of persons who wanted to register to vote.Further, in those counties where a federal examiner was serving, the Attorney General could request that federal observers monitor activities within the county's polling place. The Voting Rights Act had not included a provision prohibiting poll taxes, but had directed the Attorney General to challenge its use. In Harper v. Virginia State Board of Elections, 383 U. S. 663 (1966), the Supreme Court held Virginia's poll tax to be unconstitutional under the 14th Amendment.Between 1965 and 1969 the Supreme Court also issued several key decisions upholding the const itutionality of Section 5 and affirming the broad range of voting practices that required Section 5 review. As the Supreme Court put it in its 1966 decision upholding the constitutionality of the Act: Congress had found that case-by-case litigation was inadequate to combat wide-spread and persistent discrimination in voting, because of the inordinate amount of time and energy required to overcome the obstructionist tactics invariably encountered in these lawsuits.After enduring nearly a century of systematic resistance to the Fifteenth Amendment, Congress might well decide to shift the advantage of time and inertia from the perpetrators of the evil to its victims. South Carolina v. Katzenbach, 383 U. S. 301, 327-28 (1966). Back to top The 1970 and 1975 Amendments Congress extended Section 5 for five years in 1970 and for seven years in 1975. With these extensions Congress validated the Supreme Court's broad interpretation of the scope of Section 5.During the hearings on these extens ions Congress heard extensive testimony concerning the ways in which voting electorates were manipulated through gerrymandering, annexations, adoption of at-large elections, and other structural changes to prevent newly-registered black voters from effectively using the ballot. Congress also heard extensive testimony about voting discrimination that had been suffered by Hispanic, Asian and Native American citizens, and the 1975 amendments added protections from voting discrimination for language minority citizens.In 1973, the Supreme Court held certain legislative multi-member districts unconstitutional under the 14th Amendment on the ground that they systematically diluted the voting strength of minority citizens in Bexar County, Texas. This decision in White v. Regester, 412 U. S. 755 (1973), strongly shaped litigation through the 1970s against at-large systems and gerrymandered redistricting plans. In Mobile v. Bolden, 446 U. S. 5 (1980), however, the Supreme Court required that any constitutional claim of minority vote dilution must include proof of a racially discriminatory purpose, a requirement that was widely seen as making such claims far more difficult to prove. Back to top The 1982 Amendments Congress renewed in 1982 the special provisions of the Act, triggered by coverage under Section 4 for twenty-five years. Congress also adopted a new standard, which went into effect in 1985, providing how jurisdictions could terminate (or â€Å"bail out† from) coverage under the provisions of Section 4.Furthermore, after extensive hearings, Congress amended Section 2 to provide that a plaintiff could establish a violation of the Section without having to prove discriminatory purpose. The 2006 Amendments Congress renewed the special provisions of the Act in 2006 as part of the Fannie Lou Hamer, Rosa Parks, Coretta Scott King, Cesar E. Chavez, Barbara Jordan, William Velazquez and Dr. Hector Garcia Voting Rights Act Reauthorization and Amendments Act. The 2006 legislation eliminated the provision for voting examiners.

What Is the Specific Heat of Water How Is It Special

What Is the Specific Heat of Water How Is It Special SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you’ve ever walked along a beach on a sunny day and dipped your toes in the water to cool them off after the hot sand, you’ve taken advantage of the specific heat of water. Despite how it may sound, specific heat doesn’t refer to the exact temperature of something. It’s a larger scientific concept that has to do with the energy it takes to heat a substance up. As you might have noticed from the example, not all substances warm up at the same rate- hence the different temperatures of the sand and water. Water’s specific heat is one of its most interesting characteristics. In this article, we’ll be covering what specific heat is, what equation you use to find specific heat, and why water’s specific heat is so high. The stove, pot, water, and steam all have different specific heats. What Is Specific Heat? Specific heat is a measure of heat capacity, or how much heat a material can store when changing temperature. A high heat capacity means that a substance can absorb a lot of heat before registering a change in temperature- think about how long it takes for a pot to get warm to the touch on the stove versus how long it takes the water inside to get warm. That means that water has a higher heat capacity- it can store more heat before changing in temperature. Specific heat refers to the exact amount of heat needed to make one unit of mass of a substance one degree warmer. Returning to our example, specific heat would identify exactly how much heat is required to make one unit of water, such as one cup, one degree warmer. Because heat is really a measure of energy transfer, it’s more accurate to say that specific heat is actually a statement of how much energy a substance can absorb before a one-degree change in temperature. Specific heat is typically measured in Joules and kilojoules per one gram of mass, with Celsius as a measure of temperature. Kilograms and Fahrenheit may be used, but it’s rarer. A substance’s specific heat can be affected by temperature and pressure, so specific heat is typically determined at constant temperature and pressure, typically 25 degrees Celsius. What Is the Equation for Specific Heat? The equation to calculate specific heat is: $$Q = s Ãâ€" m Ãâ€" ΔT$$ $Q$ represents the amount of heat, $s$ the specific heat (${\Joules}/{\gram *  °\Celsius}$), m the mass of the substance in grams, and $ΔT$ the observed change in temperature. Different kinds of water, such as seawater, may have different specific heat. What Is the Specific Heat of Water? Some substances heat up quickly, while other substances heat up slowly. Water is one of the latter- it has a high specific heat capacity because it requires more energy to raise the temperature. Water has a specific heat capacity of 4182 J/kg °C. Because water is such an important and common substance, we even have a special way to identify the amount of energy it takes to raise one gram of water by one degree Celsius- a Calorie. This is different from the kind of calorie we talk about in food. That kind of calorie is equivalent to 1,000 Calories, which is why food-related calories are also sometimes referred to as kilocalories, or kcals. The specific heat of water is quite a bit higher than many other common substances. For example, the specific heat of iron is 449 J/kg °C, sand is 830 J/kg °C, and oak timber is 2400 J/kg °C. That’s because water, comprised of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom, is electronegative. An electronegative atom is more likely to draw electrons to itself, because one side of the atom will have a partially positive charge and the other will have a partially negative charge. The opposite-charged sides are naturally drawn to one another, forming a weaker hydrogen bond. That’s why water is able to flow past itself, but also bond together- it’s constantly forming and breaking these bonds. These bonds are also why liquid water has a high specific heat. Any energy put toward heating water is split between breaking the bonds and heating the water. Because of this, it takes more energy to heat water than it does other substances. For example, if you’re at the beach on a sunny day, you’ll notice that the sand is often quite hot to walk on, but the water always feels cool, even in the shallows. That’s because sand has a lower specific heat capacity- it takes less energy to raise the temperature by one degree. Because water has a high heat capacity, it requires more energy to raise the temperature by one degree. The sun puts out a more or less constant rate of energy, which heats up sand more quickly and water more slowly. Sand has a much lower specific heat than water- that's why it gets hot so fast! Specific Heat Table If you’re not already familiar with Joules and Calories, these numbers might seem a little abstract. Take a look at this table to familiarize yourself with some common specific heats according to both Joules and Calories, and compare those to what you know of how these substances heat up! Material Specific Heat in J/kg °C Specific Heat in Cal/gram °C Gold 129 0.031 Air 1005 0.24 Leather 1500 0.36 Olive oil 1790 0.43 Paper 1336 0.32 Table Salt 880 0.21 Quartz Sand 830 0.19 Steel 490 0.12 Liquid Water 4182 1.00 Wood 1300 - 2400 0.41 What’s Next? If the specific heat of water has you all fired up about chemistry, AP chemistry may be for you! Check out this AP chemistry syllabus to learn more about what topics will be covered. Or maybe you're already in AP chemistry and you're looking for some tips and tricks for how to ace your exam. Check out this guide to the AP chemistry exam for everything you need to know! If you're not quite ready for the exam but you need a little extra boost in your AP chemistry course, this AP Chemistry study guide may be just what you're looking for.

american bungalow essays

american bungalow essays The article Manufacturing and Marketing the American Bungalow by Scott Erbes discusses the effects that The Aladdin Company had on the American Bungalow. The Aladdin Company was a main manufacturer of these mail order homes. By intense marketing and propaganda the Aladdin Company, along with several others, was able to promote and sell these precut homes by mail. The Aladdin Company was founded in 1906 in Bay City, Michigan by William and Otto Sovereign. William and Otto started their firm having had no architectural experience at all. They were inspired by a friend who was in the business of selling precut boats by mail so they decided to venture into selling precut homes by mail. In order for William and Otto to get their company started and up to the level that they wanted, it became necessary to use mass-marketing as a ploy to draw people into the idea of homes through the mail. Their way of enticing people to buy these homes was through their catalogue. They portrayed the homes by mail, bungalows, as an escape from lifes worries: A place where one could commune with nature. By taking the promotional aspect to such a high level the bungalow became very prominent in the America in the early 1900s. By 1917, William and Otto were selling more than three thousand homes per year. They had homes spread all over the United States and included in that array of owners were several large- scale companies such as the Dupont Company. Their success continued for the next two decades and William and Otto were able to broaden their product line from not only the houses but also the furnishings in the houses. However, the companies momentum was nearly depleted during the Great Depression. Aladdins output dropped drastically during the Great Depression but in the decades following the Depression, it was able to regain some of their profit but they never reached the lev...

Typical Course of Study for 12th Grade

Typical Course of Study for 12th Grade In their last year of high school, most students are wrapping up required courses, shoring up any weak areas, and using electives to explore potential career options.   College-bound seniors may need guidance  in selecting the best courses to support their secondary-education plans. Some students may be planning a gap year to allow themselves time to figure out their next steps while others may be going directly into the workforce. Because 12th-graders plans can vary so widely, its essential to help them customize their coursework for their final high school credits.   Language Arts Many colleges expect a student to complete four years of high school language arts. A typical course of study for 12th grade includes literature, composition, grammar, and vocabulary. If a student has not completed British, American, or World Literature, senior year is the time to do so. A focused study of Shakespeare is another option, or students may choose from other books recommended for high school seniors. It is common for students to spend a semester each researching, planning and writing two in-depth  research papers. Students should learn how to complete a cover page, cite sources, and include a bibliography.   It is also wise to use the time when theyre writing their research papers to ensure that students have a strong working knowledge of standard computer software and programs used to format and print their document. This may include word processing, spreadsheet, and publishing software. Students also need to continue writing a variety of essay styles across the curriculum on a wide range of topics. Grammar should be incorporated in this process, ensuring that students understand the difference between formal and informal writing, when to use each, and how to use correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation in all types of writing. Math By 12th grade, most students have completed Algebra I, Algebra II, and geometry. If they have not, they should use their senior year to do so.   A typical course of study for 12th-grade math includes  a solid understanding of algebra, calculus, and statistics concepts. Students may take classes such as pre-calculus, calculus, trigonometry, statistics, accounting, business math, or consumer math. Science Most colleges expect to see only 3 years of science credit, therefore a fourth year of science is not required for graduation in most cases, nor is there a typical course of study for the subject. Students who have not already completed 3 years of science should work on completion during their senior year. Students who are going into a science-related field may wish to take an additional science course. Options for 12th-grade science include physics, anatomy, physiology, advanced courses (biology, chemistry, physics), zoology, botany, geology, or any dual-enrollment college science course.   Students may also wish to pursue purely interest-led courses in the science field, such as equine studies, nutrition, forensics, or horticulture. Social Studies As with science, most colleges expect to see only 3 years of social studies credit, so there is no standard course of study for 12th-grade social studies. Students may be interested in elective courses that fall under the category of social studies such as psychology, sociology, anthropology, geography, world religions, or theology. If they have not previously studied them, the following topics are good options for 12th grade: principles of U.S. government; primary documents of the U.S.; United States agriculture; urbanization; conservation; business and industry in the U.S.; propaganda and public opinion; comparative governments; comparative economic systems; consumer education; economics; and taxation and finance. Students may also wish to study topics such as international relations and organizations and  American foreign policy or take a dual-enrollment college course. Electives Most colleges expect to see at least 6 elective credits. College-bound students should consider courses such as foreign language (at least two years of the same language) and the visual and performing arts (at least one year of credit).   Students who are not college-bound should be encouraged to earn elective credit in areas of potential career interest. Students can study almost any topic for elective credit.   Some options include graphic design, computer programming, digital media, typing, public speaking, debate, home economics, test prep, or drafting. In many cases, students can count work experience for elective credit. Many colleges also expect to see at least one year of physical education credit and one semester of health or first aid.

Descartes Theory of Clear and Distinct Perception Assignment

Descartes Theory of Clear and Distinct Perception - Assignment Example To understand his perception of God, his theory of clear and distinct perception must first be understood. This theory is his first account of rational intuition. This can be explained simply by saying that rational intuition is discovering the truth just by thinking about it. Such is the pure reasoning. The theory of clear and distinct perception allows us to perceive that experiences gained from the external world are involuntary. They are involuntary because we do not have a control over it, meaning to say, our experiences may produce certain ideas without our contribution. These are perceptions, examples of which are sensations and feelings. We know these experiences to be involuntary since we know our own minds and we have a control over our minds to think as such. Voluntary are those which we have a control over and above them, something caused by ourselves. Examples of volunteer experiences are creating this paper or watching television and involuntary experiences are feelings of pain when touched by a hot plate or bumping our head. Descartes’ theory of clear and distinct perception allows us to distinguish which is voluntary and involuntary through a priori intuition and reasoning. This is a step towards understanding his perception of God. Understanding that there are involuntary experiences brought about by perception and being set up in a nature that we have no control over proves that there is a God. This theory actually allows us to attach meanings and sources of meanings to our own explanation of things. With the theory of innate ideas, we learn about the three possible sources of concepts. These three possible sources are: that we have invented it, it is derived from something outside the mind, and that it is innate.  

Application 2 lesson planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Application 2 lesson planning - Essay Example e course including the concepts will be taught) and the simulations laboratories (where the students will be able to practice what they have learnt theoretically). These two contexts will test whether they can perform the oral administration when it comes to real life situations where they are handling patients. The objectives for this lesson are for the students to show a positive attitude to the patients during drug administration and the other is for the students to recognize the difference in patient’s condition, age and doctors’ instructions during drug administration. The objective is important because it is basic knowledge required by all students of nursing (Bastable, 2008). In any course, there are different types of leaners. There are three different types of learners I am likely to meet during this course are: slow learners, those who have had prior knowledge about a few concepts in this course and students from different countries who have different cultural beliefs. The slow learners will make the whole class lag behind because they might keep on asking questions in order to understand a concept that the rest of the class has already understood. If consideration is not made for them, they might fail the course. I will acknowledge such students by teaching slowly or offer them tutorials to ensure they are on the same level of understanding with the rest of the class. For those with prior knowledge, it will be like a refresher for the concepts. I will need to understand the culture of each student in order to facilitate their teaching. The most effective and appropriate teaching strategy is brainstorming as it keeps students on their toes about what has been discussed previously and also ensures that students always link what they are being taught currently with the previous knowledge for better understanding of the course. Brainstorming also ensures that learning is more student-centered as the teacher just initiates the discussion and students

Global Marketing-Strategy and Practice ( Chili's ) Essay

Global Marketing-Strategy and Practice ( Chili's ) - Essay Example Now the restaurant chain is located in 49 states in USA and 30 other international locations. The restaurant mainly serves Tex-Mex food, which means Mexican and Texan food. Other than this they also offer other menu such as burgers, and vegetarian and non-vegetarian menu. In this report the aim is to plan out Chili’s launch in UK. The process of doing so begins with a complete analysis of the strategic factors (Brinker International, 2013). Chili’s Grill & Bar is also located in Australia, Costa Rica, and Venezuela, other than USA and Canada. Now it is planning to expand in London, UK. Every country is different and so its business environment. There are certain strategic factors which influence the decision-making of the companies during expansion or internationalization. Chili’s Grill & Bar has to consider strategic factors like international competitiveness, international growth, trade blocks, macro business environmental factors on which supply chain, logisti cs, and marketing would depend (Grant, 1991). Market Entry Modes This section will evaluates the market entry modes of Chili’s Grill & Bar in details, but before that decision on the international trade framework in UK is necessary. According to the American Marketing Association, international marketing is a multinational process which involves planning and implementation of concepts of promotion, pricing, and distribution strategies which will assist in providing satisfaction to the customers, and meet the objectives of the organisation (Doole, and Lowe, 2008). Chili’s Grill & Bar has to analyse the trade framework, trade barriers if any, taste and preference of the customers, players in the market, and most importantly the appropriate market entry mode, for expanding to London, UK (Barney, 1991, 1997). There various feasible entry modes available, but adaptation of entry modes depends on the trade policies of the country. Moreover, when it comes to food habits, ever y country is different, and people usually do not keep changing or adapting them like their fashion for clothes (Barney, 2001). UK is specifically depended on foreign trade for economic development. This is the reason why government of the company support unrestricted and free trade, and this initiative has also assisted UK in achieving recognition from European Union and World Trade Organisation. They have very free trade barriers or restrictions on foreign trade, and this proved by the fact that among 600 organisations in UK, around 60 are organisations from America. For attracting the foreign investors, the British government has adopted various programs like establishing enterprise zones, where the companies would be exempted from property, and the compensation for cost that is incurred by the companies for new factory construction. Incentives would be provided for companies located in the economically depressed areas (Advameg Inc., 2013). This are called Assisted Areas. Apart f rom this seven free trade zones are also offer. The extent of competitiveness in the international market is an important strategic factor which is considered because there are existing market leaders and players (Bengtsson, 1998). In London there are innumerable numbers of restaurants serving different cuisines, and also Mexican cuisines.

American vs. European Efforts in the Afghanistan War Essay

American vs. European Efforts in the Afghanistan War - Essay Example Nevertheless, by spring 2002 the United States found its own troops stretched thin in Afghanistan and sought more Allied help. By May 2002 more than two-thirds of American's NATO allies had sent soldiers to Afghanistan, and there were more European forces on the ground than American ones. The Europeans play an even more important role when it comes to long-term efforts to rebuild the war-shattered country (Asmus 21). Europe's lack of participation in the US war against terrorism as a consequence of the 11 September 2001 attack on the World Trade Center in New York and Pentagon in Washington. In the first phase of the war, initiated in Afghanistan in early October 2001 it was, more or less the US alone that conducted the execution of military operations. The military campaign as a whole was driven by sophisticated US firepower that in practice excludes effective cooperation with European forces, which are not equipped to fight at such a distance from their homes bases. The war against terrorism in Afghanistan brought home to most EU member states the realization that many of their fundamental foreign policy interest are similar. At the Laeken European Council on 14 and 15 December 2001, in Belgium, the European Union announced that it would send 3,000 to 4,000 troops to Afghanistan to serve as a stability force for the new government in Kabul. But while some European delegates said that the EU, with the decision to send a multilateral peace-keeping force to Afghanistan, had taken its first step toward projecting military power around the world and that the EU is seizing a political opportunity, other delegations played down the importance of the EU's participation in the stability force. While invigorating the NATO partnership was heartening on one level, on another, the European offers appeared to be a devious way for them to exercise leverage over military operations in Afghanistan. Granted, military cooperation could mobilize European public opinion in favor of the war, an outcome welcome to the U.S. military. The European allies stood behind the United States in the Afghanistan campaign, and the United States in turn accepted allied aid in the region. By contrast, Europeans wanted to have a voice in the conduct of war on terrorism, while the Americans wished to avoid a sense of isolation in conducting the assault against the Taliban. The differences, for the moment, were reconcilable as 2001 came to a close. On the other hand, one U.S. political commentator, Linda Robinson, from US News and World Report, said caustically that the European had come to see their global mission as embodying civilization, not defending it. This may or may not true. What is clear in any case is that whether Europe will count for more in terms of maintaining international stability is one of the most important issues of the coming years (Pye 285). The Europeans have played a significant role in Afghanistan, the struggle continues to stabilize the country in the wake of the October 2001 U.S. lead overthrow of the Taliban regime that had provided safe haven and training areas for the global terrorist organization Al Qaeda. In 2006, NATO forces, mainly European, took over the peace-building mission in Afghanistan, but not the counterinsurgency combat operations still run by the United States.

Journal of learning style Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Journal of learning style - Essay Example I decided to begin with a short ‘Study Skills Assessment’ questionnaire provided on-line by Columbia Basin University (Appendix 1), containing fifty-six questions; received feedback indicates that I could improve strategies used for reading as well as for concentration and memory. Thinking about this I wrote up a personal SWOT analysis in an attempt to find further evidence of my strengths and weaknesses. I found a downloadable example from Bristol Business School, belonging to the University of Western England (Appendix 2), which helped me with the questions I should ask myself. This exercise proved quite time consuming and needed much effort on my part to really think about and answer each question as fully and as honestly as I could; nevertheless I did persevere and ascertained my strengths as an outgoing, imaginative and very personable at a social level. My weaknesses include writing, especially long assignments or reports – this Journal assignment is not too difficult because it is broken into manageable sections, oral presentations and making decisions. The most useful aspect of this task was that it induced me to really think about my strengths and weaknesses, as well as any considered threats and how I intended to deal with them. Next I completed a learning approaches questionnaire (based on Approaches to Study Inventory (Tait & Entwistle 1996) and provided on-line by Bournemouth University (Appendix 3). Results indicate that I have a surface/passive approach to learning and that I tend to reproduce information and try to memorize subject matter rather than delving further or seeking to extend that information, that I keep closely to the syllabus provided by the lecturers and do not follow up interest of my own. At this point I wanted to know more, so because a discussion on learning styles is a component of this Learning Journal, I decided to spend time researching learning styles and

International Human resource Mangament Case Study

International Human resource Mangament - Case Study Example They will also shed more light into their cultural expectations to curb the culture shock. Second, have welcoming program and manual for new employees of different cultures when they go to work for the company branches in countries different from theirs in order to help them get acclimatized with the expectations of that culture sooner. The policy should not impose cultural expectation to the foreigners but let them be free to decide on issues like accommodation on their own to avoid the awkwardness and also emphasize privacy and freedom. This would attract more foreigners and increase the diverse workforce (Adekola and Sergi, 2007). 3. Chinese firms generally suffer from a poor image of low product quality, poor CSR and HRM. How would you help Lenovo to attract non-Chinese talent to work for the Company in its global operations, particularly outside China? One way is to establish diversity in their management with no discrimination whatsoever of gender, race or age to help attract more foreigners. The company should also use a bottom-up approach when trying out CSR activities. The employees should be fully engaged in these decisions. This will help them feel part of the company and being appreciated and this virtue attracts many people. The development and enforcement of cross-cultural management policy will also be an added advantage to the company since people will feel their needs are being addressed and hence become comfortable with working with the company (Caligiuri, Lepak and Bonache,

Journal of learning style Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Journal of learning style - Essay Example I decided to begin with a short ‘Study Skills Assessment’ questionnaire provided on-line by Columbia Basin University (Appendix 1), containing fifty-six questions; received feedback indicates that I could improve strategies used for reading as well as for concentration and memory. Thinking about this I wrote up a personal SWOT analysis in an attempt to find further evidence of my strengths and weaknesses. I found a downloadable example from Bristol Business School, belonging to the University of Western England (Appendix 2), which helped me with the questions I should ask myself. This exercise proved quite time consuming and needed much effort on my part to really think about and answer each question as fully and as honestly as I could; nevertheless I did persevere and ascertained my strengths as an outgoing, imaginative and very personable at a social level. My weaknesses include writing, especially long assignments or reports – this Journal assignment is not too difficult because it is broken into manageable sections, oral presentations and making decisions. The most useful aspect of this task was that it induced me to really think about my strengths and weaknesses, as well as any considered threats and how I intended to deal with them. Next I completed a learning approaches questionnaire (based on Approaches to Study Inventory (Tait & Entwistle 1996) and provided on-line by Bournemouth University (Appendix 3). Results indicate that I have a surface/passive approach to learning and that I tend to reproduce information and try to memorize subject matter rather than delving further or seeking to extend that information, that I keep closely to the syllabus provided by the lecturers and do not follow up interest of my own. At this point I wanted to know more, so because a discussion on learning styles is a component of this Learning Journal, I decided to spend time researching learning styles and

Network Security Planning Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Network Security Planning - Research Paper Example Over the year network infrastructure has always been suffering major threats and immeasurable attacks of the data panel. The following has been established as the major threats to the network infrastructure: In order to secure network infrastructure one must secure and manage the access of such infrastructure devices. Compromising with the infrastructure devise access, compromises the management and security of the entire network. This calls for the establishment of critical and suitable controls necessary to curb unauthorized invasion to the infrastructure devices. Network infrastructure devices aims at providing a wide range and different variety of access protocols. This includes asynchronous and console connections, In addition to protocols based on remote access such as HTTP, Telnet, rlogin and SSH. Therefore, every infrastructure device should be skillfully configured and reviewed to ensure that only allowed access procedures are enhanced and that they are thoroughly protected. Enhance confidentiality of data- protect all the sensitive data stored from copying or viewing. Protect all the information in a communication channel from session hijacking, sniffing, and man in the middle attacks. Cisco safe architecture, like any other network security system, is not immune to limitations. However, it has successfully developed threat mitigation and detection programs readily available on Cisco security agents, Cisco firewalls, Cisco network admissions control, and Cisco IPS and web safety appliances. In addition, these devices alerts and generate information centrally gathered and correlated using the Cisco security monitoring, analysis and response system which recognize the source of threats, envisage the attack route, give the possible suggestions and sometimes optionally implements the response actions. The visibility of Cisco IPS reduces many instances of false positives thus allowing for dynamic quarantine impositions of unsecured

Special Ed Essay Example for Free

Special Ed Essay People can have multiple definitions of disability, but this is the federal definition of a disability, â€Å"An individual with a disability means any person who: (i) has a mental or physical impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activity; (ii) has a record of such an impairment; or (iii) is regarded as having such an impairment† (Durhiem). In order to receive or qualify for special needs or other learning disabilities you must have a record of proof from a doctor to provide to the school. It is then the schools job then to meet the credentials needed for the disabled student. Students with varying disabilities should be given the same chances as students without disabilities. Some disabilities can require students to have separate classrooms while others might be able to operate in classes where there are students without disabilities. Each disability varies in severity and in most cases it is a student-by-student bases. It is the parents and teachers responsibility to advocate for the student and make sure their needs are met within the classroom. In fact families have certain rights provided to them and their disabled child, these rights can be provided through the 504. In order for a student to qualify for 504 the students has to have a disability. â€Å"Section 504 is a part of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 that prohibits discrimination based upon disability. Section 504 is an anti-discrimination, civil rights statute that requires the needs of students with disabilities to be met as adequately as the needs of the non-disabled are met† (Durhiem). Section 504 is a foundation for equality to people of special needs. Every student deserves the right to learn and the right to reach there full potential regardless of ability. One-way Parents and the community can be informed on their local schools progress and level of education is through the No Child Left Behind Act. No Child Left Behind or NCLB, goal is to improve the education of children with a low-income family, especially within the public school system. This act was established in 2001 and has improved education for all students dramatically. NCLB establishes goals and certain criteria to prevent failing schools, â€Å" NCLB requires that schools make steady progress toward the ultimate goal of all students performing at a proficient level in reading, math, and science by the year 2014. This progress is defined as adequate yearly progress, or AYP. Schools that fail to meet AYP goals for two consecutive years must be identified as in need of improvement. (Cortiella). If the school does not meet its goals within the given time span the school district notifies the parents that the school needs improvement. This is a great way to keep parents informed on the accomplishments and struggles of the school there child attends. For the children with disabilities NCLB provides the students with different options of schools that are not failing or â€Å"in need of improvement schools. † â€Å"Students with disabilities (covered under the IDEA or Section 504) must be offered the opportunity to attend a school that has not been identified as in need of improvement. Districts must ensure that such students are provided a free, appropriate public education (FAPE) consistent with the IDEA, Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act, and Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act, in their schools of choice† (Cortiella). IDEA: ADA: American’s with Disabilities Act.

An Analysis of Emily Dickinsons Poem 670 :: Emily Dickinson Poem 670 Essays

An Analysis of Emily Dickinson's Poem 670 Have you ever been scared by your own shadow? Or have you ever been walking home at night, and nothing unusual is happening, but you can't shake this feeling that some mass murderer is following close behind, waiting to strike? Maybe you are crazy. More likely, though, you become scared by thinking of old tales or stories, like all the people who have gone into the woods and mysteriously vanished without a trace. I knew one girl who saw The Blair Witch Project and had to sleep with all the lights and the TV on that night, and still to this day won't go traipsing into the woods. Emily Dickinson dealt a lot with the notion of us being more scared of ourselves than of our surroundings. This was from one of her more serious stages, unlike "Do" and "Autumn Rhapsody" (see the parodies here). "The Brain has Corridors-surpassing / Material Place-" Not too many people would rather meet a ghost than be within their own minds, but Dickinson challenges that notion, throwing out the idea that the thought or anticipation of a terrible event is much worse than the actual thing, like people who are afraid of needles. Most people, if you talk to them, will say they dread going to get a shot. Of course, if you approach them right as they come out of the doctor's office, they'll say it wasn't bad at all. Of course, they may be lying to save face. (A good way to tell is to look at their arm: if it looks okay, then they're telling the truth; if it has turned seven shades of blue and has swollen to the size of their neck, then they just got a tetanus shot and are bluffin g about it not hurting.) But who is "I"? Who is "ourself"? The question in itself seems quite simple, but is it? It's an interesting point that she raises, specifically within the phrase, "Ourself behind ourself, concealed-" Do we really know ourselves? How can we be behind ourselves? How many vague, rhetorical questions can I ask? Too many, obviously. Anyway, after some thought, I decided that Dickinson here is probably referring to the part of ourselves that we'd rather not know, or maybe a part of ourselves that we don't know just because we can't see it.

Emily Pragers Our Barbies, Ourselves Essay -- Analysis Prager Barbie

Emily Prager's "Our Barbies, Ourselves?" In the essay 'Our Barbies, Ourselves,' Emily Prager explores the history of the Barbie doll and talks about the Barbie doll itself. Prager seems convinced that the Barbie doll was an object created by a man and that Barbie reeks of sexuality, sexual innuendo and serves as the anti-feminist embodiment of every man's fantasy. In her own expressive and persuasive modes to fashion an essay designed to persuade the reader that the Barbie doll is a twisted and corrupt tool designed by men to combat the feminist revolution. Though her attempts at persuasion are commendable, I was not swayed in my opinions on Barbie. If anything, I just found fault with this writer's point of view, and I found her accusations to be outrageous and her 'facts' to be completely wrong.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Prager uses both expressive and persuasive modes in her essay. Her own flavors to this essay express her own frustrations with the ?men? that created Barbie dolls. In truth, Barbie was not created by Jack Ryan. Barbie was created by Ruth Handler. Handler sensed that it was just as important for girls to imagine what they themselves might grow up to become as adult women. In paragraph 2, Prager suggests in her essay that Barbie was fashioned after a man?s dream date with her tiny waist, large bust and feet made for stiletto heels.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In paragraph 6, Prager changes tones and suggests that perhaps Barbie was also an icon that could be embraced by feminists. Barbie i... Emily Prager's Our Barbies, Ourselves Essay -- Analysis Prager Barbie Emily Prager's "Our Barbies, Ourselves?" In the essay 'Our Barbies, Ourselves,' Emily Prager explores the history of the Barbie doll and talks about the Barbie doll itself. Prager seems convinced that the Barbie doll was an object created by a man and that Barbie reeks of sexuality, sexual innuendo and serves as the anti-feminist embodiment of every man's fantasy. In her own expressive and persuasive modes to fashion an essay designed to persuade the reader that the Barbie doll is a twisted and corrupt tool designed by men to combat the feminist revolution. Though her attempts at persuasion are commendable, I was not swayed in my opinions on Barbie. If anything, I just found fault with this writer's point of view, and I found her accusations to be outrageous and her 'facts' to be completely wrong.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Prager uses both expressive and persuasive modes in her essay. Her own flavors to this essay express her own frustrations with the ?men? that created Barbie dolls. In truth, Barbie was not created by Jack Ryan. Barbie was created by Ruth Handler. Handler sensed that it was just as important for girls to imagine what they themselves might grow up to become as adult women. In paragraph 2, Prager suggests in her essay that Barbie was fashioned after a man?s dream date with her tiny waist, large bust and feet made for stiletto heels.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In paragraph 6, Prager changes tones and suggests that perhaps Barbie was also an icon that could be embraced by feminists. Barbie i...

Table Setup

TYPES OF ESTABLISHMENTS, TYPES OF SERVICE, AND TABLE SETTINGS Chapter 2 OBJECTIVES ? Differentiate between many types of establishments ? Identify the characteristics of French service, Russian service, English service, and American service ? Describe the arrangement of service ware for the American breakfast, lunch, and dinner cover ? Explain where food items are placed in the American cover as they are served ? Define banquet service, family-style service, buffets, salad bars, oyster bars, and dessert tables 2 INTRODUCTION ? Every restaurant has a unique identity depending on the amenities offered to guests ? Most types of service originated in the private homes of European nobility †¦ Over the years they have been modified for restaurant use ? Today, each type retains particular distinguishing features †¦ Some restaurants have combined features of two or more serving styles to accommodate their menu, facilities, and mode of operation 3 INTRODUCTION ? The four traditional types of service are †¦ French †¦ Russian †¦ English †¦ American ? The cover refers to the arrangement of china, silverware, napkin, and glassware at each place setting ? Other popular types of service are the banquet, family-style, buffets, salad bars, oyster bars, and dessert tables. 4 TYPES OF ESTABLISHMENTS ? Many terms are used to describe types of restaurants †¦ Tearoom †¦ Family-style †¦ Upscale †¦ Casual †¦ Theme †¦ Quick-service 5 TYPES OF ESTABLISHMENTS ? The fact of the matter is that restaurants are subjectively classified by the style of operation †¦ There are no clear characteristics for each type of establishment †¦ Traits of one style of restaurant overlap with traits of another ? Creating a unique identity 6 TYPES OF ESTABLISHMENTS For our purposes here, we could say that types of establishments form somewhat of a continuum †¦ On one end of the continuum would be restaurants with ? ? Minimum service No covers or simple place mats ? ? ? A quick pace Fast foods prepared easily A general informality to the entire operation 7 TYPES OF ESTABLISHMENTS †¦ The other end of the continuum would be the establishments with ? ? ? ? Luxurious surroundings Table linens Silver service ware China and Crystal glassware ? ? ? ? ? Flowers Soft music An unhurried pace Skilled servers Expensive, well-prepared, and well-presented foods and wines TYPES OF ESTABLISHMENTS ? Family-style restaurants, diners, and some chain restaurants would be on one end of the continuum ? Trattorias, bistros, and supper clubs in the middle ? Classic gourmet, upscale, and fine-dining restaurants on the other 9 TYPES OF ESTABLISHMENTS ? No matter which combination of amenities make up the whole, the guest has every right to expect †¦ A smile †¦ That his or her order be correctly taken and delivered †¦ That the check is presented promptly and for the correct amount regardless of the setting ? Good service is still the key to running any successful operation 10 FRENCH SERVICE ? Most elegant of table services ? Formal type of service originated for European nobility †¦ Prolonged and expensive type of service †¦ Used in upscale restaurant, elegant hotel dining rooms, cruise ships, resorts, and casinos ? Food is either cooked or completed tableside †¦ Brought from the kitchen on heavy silver platters †¦ Gueridon (cart) and Rechaud (stove) ? The food is completed by cooking, deboning, filleting, slicing, flambe, and garnishing as necessary †¦ Served to the guests on heated plates 1 FRENCH SERVICE ? Maitre d'hotel is in charge of the dining room ? Captain is in charge of a section to the dining room †¦ Seats the guests, takes guest’s orders and supervises table service ? French table service employs two servers working together †¦ Chef du rang (principle server) ? Receives orders form the captain, serves the drinks, prepares the food ta bleside, and presents the check †¦ Commis du rang (assistant) ? Takes the orders to the kitchen, picks up the food, serves the plates, clears the dishes and stands ready to assist the chef du rang Sommelier brings wine list and serves wine 12 FRENCH SERVICE ? Silverware brought with each course ? Service plate or show plate is part of the cover †¦ Remains until main course and replaced for salad and dessert ? Service is from the right, clearing from the right †¦ Except for bread, butter and salad to the left †¦ Soiled dishes are cleared only when all guests have completed their meal ? Finger bowls are proper after each course ? Wine only 13 FRENCH SERVICE ? Advantages: †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ Elegant Attentive Showcases food High check average ? Disadvantages: †¦ Highly trained staff ? High labor costs Investment in carts, platters, china, crystal, and silverware †¦ †¦ Fewer turns of tables Fewer tables in dining room. 14 RUSSIAN SERVICE ? Similar to French service in many respects †¦ Formal with great elegance and showmanship ? Table setting same as French service †¦ Plates for each course set in front of guest ? Differences: †¦ Only one server †¦ Food is fully prepared and attractively arranged on silver platters in the kitchen ? Heated plate placed before each guest from the right side †¦ Clockwise around the table RUSSIAN SERVICE Platters of food are brought to the dining room from the kitchen †¦ Presented to the guest at the table †¦ All foods served from serving dish or platter ? Standing to the left of each guest with the platter in the left hand, the server shows each guest the food †¦ Using a large spoon and fork in the right hand, dishes up the desired portion †¦ Continues counterclockwise around the table †¦ Remaining food returned to the kitchen RUSSIAN SERVICE ? As with French service †¦ Finger bowls are proper after each course †¦ Soiled dishes are cleared only when all guests have completed their meal Especially useful at elegant banquets RUSSIAN SERVICE ? Advantages †¦ Elegant †¦ Faster and less expensive than French service †¦ No extra space for carts needed ? Disadvantages †¦ Need trained staff †¦ Capital investment in silver platters †¦ Last served from same platter ENGLISH AND FAMILY SERVICE ? Formal family service or host service †¦ Typical of a meal served by servants in a private home ? Foods brought on platters and in serving dishes placed before the host at the head of the table †¦ Host (or one of the servants) carves the meat, if necessary, or dishes up the entree †¦ The hostess (or one of the servants) serves vegetables, salads, desserts and beverages Plates are handed to the server on the left, who serves the guest of honor and all other guests †¦ Sauces and side dishes placed on the table to be passed by the guests ? Place settings similar to American service ENGLISH AND FAMILY SERVICE ? Advantages †¦ Great deal of showmanship †¦ Casual dining †¦ Guests control portions †¦ Less service skill needed ? Disadvantages †¦ Less formal †¦ No presentation †¦ Time consuming †¦ Host and hostess required to do a lot of the work AMERICAN SERVICE Simplest form of table service †¦ Less formal than French, Russian, or English ? Most prevalent style of service in U. S. restaurants ? Utensils set in order of use †¦ Water glass at tip of knife †¦ Wine glass to the right of the water †¦ Dishes and silver ~1† from table edge ? Food dished in the kitchen †¦ Except for salad and bread and butter, most food placed on the dinner plate AMERICAN SERVICE ? Foods served from the left, beverages from the right †¦ Left with left, right with right ? Soiled dishes removed from the right †¦ Do not remove until all are done the course The American breakfast and lunch table setting differs f rom the American dinner setting †¦ Breakfast and lunch require only a limited amount of service ware †¦ Dinner involves courses and service ware AMERICAN SERVICE ? Advantages †¦ Simple and casual or complex and elegant †¦ Portion control †¦ Less service skill needed ? Disadvantages †¦ Less personal †¦ Guests can not choose portion 23 LAYING COVERS FOR TABLE SERVICE ? When laying a table in readiness for service there are a variety of place settings, which have to be laid according to the type of meal and service being offered ? A cover denotes all the necessary cutlery, flatware, crockery, glassware and linen necessary to a lay a certain type of place setting for a specific meal 24 AMERICAN BREAKFAST AND LUNCH COVER ? Includes: †¦ Dinner fork †¦ Dinner knife †¦ Teaspoon †¦ Napkin †¦ B plate †¦ Butter knife (optional) †¦ Water glass 25 AMERICAN BREAKFAST COVER 26 AMERICAN LUNCH COVER 27 AMERICAN DINNER COVER 28 AMERICAN (FORMAL) DINNER COVER 29 BANQUET SERVICE ? Involves serving a meal to a group of people gathered for a special occasion ? The cover is generally set with American settings †¦ Modified to the particular menu French, Russian or buffet service may be utilized at a banquet †¦ The table will be set accordingly ? Before the guest arrives or is seated: †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ Water is poured Butter is placed on B plates Baskets of rolls arranged on the tables Cold course may be pre-set 30 BANQUET SERVICE ? Food is put on the plates in the kitchen †¦ Served to the guests in the usual American style ? Or in the French, Russian or buffet style as predetermined ? The head table is served first ? Water and coffee are replenished periodically ? If guest are to remain after dinner, tables should be cleared and tidy at the completion of the meal ? No check is presented 31 BANQUET SERVICE ? Advantages: †¦ Menu and serving time pre-determined †¦ Service routine simple †¦ Few servers ? Disadvantages: †¦ Little personal service †¦ Close quarters ? Makes service difficult 32 FAMILY STYLE SERVICE ? Modification of American service †¦ Informal ? Table is set before the meal begins ? Serving dishes and platters are filled in the kitchen and brought to the table †¦ Serving utensils brought with the food ? Serving dishes are passed around the table and people serve themselves †¦ All-you-can-eat may require refilling of serving containers Dishes are cleared and dessert is served in the same manner ? American cover or modification is used FAMILY STYLE SERVICE ? Advantages: †¦ Fast †¦ Few servers ? Disadvantages: †¦ Little personal service †¦ Attractiveness of serving dishes and platters during course of service 34 BUFFET SERVICE ? Usually used when a large number of people are to be served ? A serving area holds everything needed for the meal and guests go through â€Å"the line† serving themselves †¦ The guest either helps themselves or by chefs behind the buffet line (carving station) ? Someone is needed to restock the serving area as necessary ? Silverware and napkins may be located on the buffet table or a complete cover (American) may be pre-set on the table ? Servers usually serve only beverages and desserts †¦ Duties may include appetizer or soup course BUFFET SERVICE ? Advantages †¦ Attractive food display †¦ Speed †¦ Economics †¦ Less service skill needed ? Disadvantages †¦ Replenishment needed †¦ Unattractive food display †¦ Food safety †¦ Capital investment 36 SALAD BARS, OYSTER BARS, AND DESSERT TABLES ? Salad Bar †¦ Self-service concept Guests prepare their own salads from an attractive array of vegetables, fruits, and accoutrements ? Oyster Bar †¦ †¦ Buffet featuring oysters on the half shell and various accoutrements May include other seafood items ? Dessert Table †¦ Display of tortes, pies, cakes, cream puffs, eclairs, fresh fruit, and soft cheeses ? ? Dessert plates and service ware are at hand on the table Dessert trays or carts 37 SALAD BARS, OYSTER BARS, AND DESSERT TABLES ? Advantages †¦ Attractive food display †¦ Less service skill needed Disadvantages †¦ Replenishment needed †¦ Unattractive food display †¦ Timing 38 CAFETERIA SERVICE ? This service exists normally in industrial canteens, colleges, hospitals or hotel cafeterias ? To facilitate quick service, the menu is fixed and is displayed on large boards †¦ Sometimes food is displayed behind the counter and the guests may indicate their choice to the counter attendant ? Guests select foods ? The food is served pre-plated and the cutlery is handed directly to the guest ? Scramble system limits lines 39 COUNTER SERVICE Tall stools are placed along a counter so that the guest may eat the food at the counter itself †¦ The covers are generally laid out on the counter ? Food is either displayed behind the counter for the guests to choose from, or is listed on a menu card or com mon black board 40 GRILL ROOM SERVICE ? In this form of service various meats are grilled in front of the guest ? The meats may be displayed behind a glass partition or well decorated counter so that the guest can select his exact cut of meat ? The food comes pre-plated 41 BREAKFAST SERVICES There are basically two types of breakfast offered in hotels and restaurants †¦ The Continental Breakfast and the English Breakfast ? The Continental Breakfast originated in Europe †¦ It is a light meal as the Europeans normally have a heavy mid-day meal ? The English breakfast is heavy and is a major meal of the day †¦ A traditional English breakfast runs into six or seven courses 42 BUTLER SERVICE ? Similar to Russian service †¦ Guests serve themselves †¦ Offered from left side for food ? ? Counterclockwise Serving fork and spoon used by guest. BUTLERED SERVICE ? Waiters pass hors d'oeuvres or beverages from trays Similarly to how a butler would wait on guests in a pri vate home. ? Elegant option, especially as guests won't have to wait in line to get a drink, and it will remind them of the options available to them ? Requires slightly more staff than stationary hors d'oeuvres and a bartender 44 COMPROMISE SERVICE ? This is a combination of the very formal Russian and the English ? Part of the food (usually the salad and dessert) is served from the kitchen and part is served at the table with the host or hostess dishing up the main course †¦ There is still the presence of service staff

Never Scared: The Cultural Significance of Chris Rock

Standup comedians exemplify the trans-generational nature of our culture. With their ability to fully embody all of societies diverging values, while still always grazing the edge of change, they serve as the conscience of the people.   As Lawrence Mintz argues, comics are licensed to say the unspeakable because they have the pity of the audience; they use the power of laughter to unite communities and tread societies shade of gray, and the most successful of them exercise a full awareness in the art of rhetoric.   Mintz points out that comedians use these weak pity warranting social positions to actually empower themselves.iOne of the top standup comedians known for this today is Chris Rock; he uses rhetoric to persuade his audience into finding humor in some of the darkest aspects of our society.   Chris Rock uses rhetoric in his standup Never Scared to persuade his audience to adopt his views, while at the same time reversing the pity warranting image that Mintz’s cla ims gives a comic his license to speak freely.   Both of these personal intentions of Rock’s in his stand up are dependent solely on how well he connects to the core values of his audience. Rock is credited for being best able at connecting the disintegration of family and relationship values of Blacks.In Never Scared, Chris Rock discusses the deteriorating values of Black America and how these values are affecting black culture in America. He utilizes theories in social family structure with the African American family today and establishes himself as a role model for the black culture. He also sarcastically undermines the institution of marriage and the battle of the sexes in an intelligent and witty manner. Not only is he socially aware of all of these things that I have mentioned, he is also aware of the embarrassing acts from his race whom he spitefully labels â€Å"niggas.† Allow me to expand on the issues Chris Rock brings up in his comedy routines.The days of funny schtick and prat falls are basically over. Through the years, much more substance has come to the attention of America when it comes to stand-up comedy. Lawrence Mintz states the following concerning this phenomena on page 72;â€Å" Clearly it is a popular art that is central to American entertainment, but in the universal tradition of public joking rituals it is more than that as well; it is an important part of the nation’s cultural life.†iChris Rock is an excellent example of this statement.In Never Scared, Rock opens his routine with confidence and mentions his daughter, alluding to the reason why he hasn’t been on the road in so long.â€Å"It’s amazing when you have a girl†¦ It’s eye opening, because I realize, I’m the man in her life.   My relationship with my daughter is going to affect her relationship with men for the rest of her life.   Every man in here has dated a woman with some daddy issues.   That [email   protected]%$# ain’t fun ok.   She’s giving you a hard time for some [email  protected]%$# her daddy did in 1969.† (Chris Rock, 2006)Ever the sarcastic encourager, Rock sets up an example that needs to be revisited in the black community. He’s sensible and funny here but he is also alluding to something important. The black man in today’s culture needs to understand the importance of bringing up baby girls. He states that sometimes he picks her up out of her stroller, looks at her and that’s when it hits him;  Ã¢â‚¬Å"My job in this life now is to keep my baby off the pole!†Of course he is referring to the ever-ominous pole found in every strip club in the world. This is profound wisdom for the deadbeat dads out there who aren’t with their daughters. Some fathers are right in the room but to busy watching the game to pay any attention to the direction she might be headed if he doesn’t start to get to know his little gi rl who is growing up.It’s interesting to note that an article by Kathryn Edin and Laura Lein almost discuss the same issue.ii With the rise of single mothers in urban areas and their struggle to make ends meet, we have to wonder what the sociological and psychological implications for the child are growing up in an environment without a father. Many of these children will grow up to be drug dealers, strippers and prostitutes in their struggle to get away from the economic prison they were unwillingly placed in at birth.Speaking of birth, let’s examine Rock’s use of abortion and marriage. Nilsen discusses the important element of sexism in comedy routines in his article;â€Å"Sexist humor, which makes fun of the real or imagined characteristics of males and females, is seen in the oldest myths, fairy tales, folk tales, nursery rhymes, and sacred writings. Because jokes are a kind of shorthand, creators do not start with a whole new cast of characters for each jo ke; instead they rely on familiar scripts that include exaggerations and stereotypes. This enables listeners to fill in the details from the material that their minds have already absorbed from the popular culture.†ivThroughout Rock’s comedy routines, he brings to light the battle of the sexes concerning abortion and marriage. He discusses the two options that a man has when he finds out his girlfriend is pregnant;â€Å"Wow! I’m so happy! I love you so much.† Or the ill-fated; â€Å"So, whatcha gonna do?† Once again he silently stabs at the lack of responsibility concerning the man in this issue. He goes on to discuss the fact that the decision for abortion is made between the woman and her girlfriends. It is a sad but true commentary on the disintegration of society in general but Chris seems to be directing it toward black culture specifically.There are strong arguments for the fact that married couples experience less stress and live a healthier life(Waite).iii Rock equates marriage to simple transference;â€Å"When you’re single, you wanna kill yourself. When you’re married, you wanna kill your spouse!†He discusses the problem of unhappily married men and their addiction to strip clubs. He adds that reasons for this are that women are domineering. In a funny little clip, Chris talks about the ho convention and glass heels. Then he brings up the fact that a wife is there to provide for you and be there for you but if you bring a pair of glass heels in the house, it will cause all sorts of problems.As you can see, he strengthens his views of the black man being the wife’s pet or the one that’s supposed to do everything for her by using these jokes. He also portrays the man in the abortion bit as not having a say in anything that happens with the child. He portrays the woman’s friends at a higher level than her own boyfriend and the father of her child.He jokes about strip clubs and i nfidelity but he still holds to the role model persona. He stands by his conviction of not cheating on your spouse and once again cements his position in black culture. Voicing his family values opens the audience up for his personal opinions about society.   Rock’s humorous perspective on life and his personal opinions about society mark the defining line between him as an individual and the family values he has affirmed to gain the audience’s trust.In his essay, Standup Comedy as Social and Cultural Mediation, Mintz explains the justification behind the stand up comedian’s license to speak freely. Considering the fact that Chris Rock is an African American, he has free reign to speak out on the problems with African- Americans.   As he displays his disgust with black stars like the child molesting, wanna-be- white Michael Jackson, he flows freely into the R-Kelly incident with the young girl on video.We all know that he is using these incidents as well as the Kobe Bryant rape case and the OJ Simpson case because they are excellent material for comedy. But, it’s also obvious that he uses these men as examples for negative black role models in America as well. It makes one wonder if he is warning his black audience of the path of self-destruction they may be on together. After all, great men like Sydney Poitier or James Earl Jones didn’t do things like this to embarrass the black community.Personally, I believe that his most compelling routine is the â€Å"I hate Niggas† routine. The courage that it takes for a black man to stand up and say â€Å"Everything white people don’t like about black people, black people hate even more. I love black people but I hate niggas.† He jokes about the fact that every time black people try to get together and have some fun like going to a movie, some â€Å"nigga† pulls out a gun and shoots at the screen. It is most powerful when he utilizes this rhetoric in th e presence of a more affluent black community.By performing in D.C., Rock intentionally markets himself towards the wealthiest blacks in the United States, giving him all the more power once he is able to form a community within the room.   But, this community Rock creates must be structured on some form of values with which he knows everyone can basically agree, and that will create an atmosphere of familial comfort.   Rock does this perfectly in his stand up, and the structure can be noted from start to finish.We can also observe the moral erosion of rap music. It used to be a positive influence in the black community. Chris Rock has played an important role in promoting rap music. Although, in Never Scared, He mentions the fact that it keeps getting harder to defend this popular urban genre. He states that it used to be easy to defend groups like Grand Master Flash because they represented the black urban culture as a whole. Then he goes on to state that he hates to defend it now because of lines such as the famous line from Li’l Jon;â€Å"To the windows, to the walls, ‘til the sweat drips from my balls.†These lyrics can’t be defended. They do not spell anything positive for black society and the song certainly shows no respect for black women whatsoever. Granted, there were some pretty vulgar lyrics in the early days of rap also but not to the extent of today.If we observe the work of Chris Rock, a strong argument can be made that he has created some of the most powerful rhetoric concerning the degradation of his own race in America. He stands by his values and doesn’t squirm under the microscope like some stars. He has used his influence to create a teachable understanding of the social inequalities that occur in America. But, more than this he has made it simple for the average black family, or any family, to understand the major social issues surrounding black culture today. I think the most important thing that Chr is Rock has done for the black culture and every culture in America is created a vital understanding for accountability within our own cultural social dynamic.I have heard many people say that Chris Rock is a comedian, but he is an activist as well. Others say that his comedy is racially motivated against the white population of America. Still, some just won’t watch him or listen to him because of his language usage. There are a number of labels we can put on this man and he allows us to do so liberally. Chris Rock may have missed his true calling as a social scientist. Maybe one-day comedians like Rock will receive honorary PhDs for their body of work in stand up comedy but for now, he’s just a great comedian.iv Nilsen A.P and Nilsen D.L.B (2000) Encyclopedia of the 20th century American Humor.Gender Humor. Phoenix, AZ: Oryz Press, pp.170-174.i Standup Comedy as Social and Cultural Mediation. Lawrence E. Mintz.American Quarterly, Vol. 37, No. 1, Special Issue: America n Humor. (Spring, 1985), pp. 71-80.ii Work, Welfare, and the Single Mothers’ Economic Survival Strategies. Kathryn Edin and Laura Lein. American Sociological Review.iii Does Marriage Matter?. Waite, Linda J. Demography. Vol. 32, No. 4, November 1995.iv Nilsen A.P and Nilsen D.L.B (2000) Encyclopedia of the 20th century American Humor.Gender Humor. Phoenix, AZ: Oryz Press, pp.170-174.Quotes from Chris Rock came from his stand up routine Never Scared. 2006.

Advantages and Disadvantages in the Lake District National Park

This is an essay about the advantages and disadvantages that arise in and about National Parks, focusing on the Lake District National Park. The Lake District is shown on the map below. As you can see the Lake District is situated in Cumbria in the North West of England. The Lake District National Park is the largest National Park in Britain. It was established in 1951 and covers an area of 2,292 sq. km. It is home to the largest lake in Britain -lake Windermere which is an amazing 16.9km long, 2km wide and has an area of 16sq km-quite a lot of water! It is also home to Scaffel Pike which is the largest mountain in England rising to a very tall 966m. Both of these features, along with many more, encourage people to visit the park. The Lake District is one of the National Parks in Wales and England, the others being Exmoor Dartmoor The Pembrokeshire Coast The Brecon Beacons The Yorkshire Dales Northumberland Snowdonia And The North York Moor 7% of all the land in England is National Park Land and 20% of the land in Wales in National Parks. A National Park is defined as an area of scenic beauty. National Parks have two main aims A) To preserve and care for the beautiful environment may it be coast or mountains and all the wildlife/plants in them B) To provide a place for recreation, relaxation and enjoyment open to everyone. You would think it would be easy to provide a pretty, safe place for people to visit/live/work. You must think again! National Parks are at the centre of much controversy and arguments-as you are about to find out yet still manage to have many, many advantages. One of the advantages of a National Park are that they are a great place for people to come and relax. Anyone can enjoy a visit to a National Park-families, individuals, the elderly and so on. Some parks (although not the Lake District) are also used by the army as part of their training process. Obviously, there are farmers on the land too who depend on it to make a living. The Lake District is a place where you can do a number of activities- * Walking * Outdoor Pursuits (e.g. Canoeing, climbing etc) * Going on a leisurely boat ride on the lakes (especially Windermere) * Having a nice picnic or day out in some of the specially developed areas or on the mountains themselves. * Camping * Water skiing * Angling * Bird watching /general nature looking * Power boating * And generally relaxing and having a great time! Here is a map of the Lake District itself. Note all of the high land (brown bits) and lakes (blue bits) DISADVANTAGES As with every national Park there are some disadvantages. These are usually roughly the same in any National Park and there is not positive way of getting rid of all the problem without banning people to go to the National Parks which kind of defeats the object. Traffic Congestion is a major problem. The small, narrow steep, winding country roads just can't cope with the volume of traffic which is passing to get to the park. As most of the visitors to the National Park travel by car it is indeed a serious problem. In the Lake District the main problems are at Great Langdale, Borrowdale and Kentmere. There is also another big problem-car parking facilities. These are restricted causing some people to leave their cars parked at the side of the road causing further traffic problems affecting the local people who just want to get on with their day to day business. As there are more vehicles about this leads to more air pollution, which makes the area less pleasant to visit. As said before there are few solutions to this problem. You could build big two-lane roads to replace the small ones but this would cause a number of problems A) it would be very expensive B) it is probable that there will not be room to expand the roads C) It would spoil the scenic beauty and quaintness of the place and the villagers won't be happy. These are just some of the many hundreds of possible problems so this option is not really an options(it you get me). The NPA (National Park Association) along with the Cumbria County council and Countryside Commission came up with a plan in 1995 to try to reduce traffic congestion. It involved restricting access along the very popular routes, closing some roads all together and encouraging the use of public transport. Walking and cycling rather than cars once inside the national Park. For this to be successful the public transport facilities would have to be greatly improved. All of this would mean, perhaps, fewer visitors thus bringing less money into the area. The locals who make a living out of this trade would lose out. Footpath erosion is a major problem in the Lake District like the Brecon Beacons in South Wales and indeed many other National Parks. The amount of walkers using the paths cause them to gradually erode becoming unsafe and unpleasant. As the designed paths are no longer suitable to walk on people are resorting to wandering off the paths and uncovering tree roots, trampling on plants and things like that. This problem can be sorted by completely banning the use of offending footpaths and replacing them with others. There are many disadvantages to this including lack of money, people wanting to ‘wander' as the please and directing people to use the new footpaths. A problem that is related to this is soil compaction. This is when the footpaths are damaged either by being compacted or in other ways so that greenery cannot grow and cannot soak up excess moisture etc. Along with damaging the National Park footpaths, tourists often go onto farmer's land, leaving gates open, creating noise, letting their dogs foul the area and unintentionally distressing farm animals. All of the above things are usually done without intent but never the less it is still aggravating and expensive for the farmer. The local people who often enjoy the trade of the tourists also may feel very annoyed by them. I myself have a personal comment to add here. Fifteen to twenty years ago my Mum and Dad use to visit Lake Windermere and the Lake district every summer to do walking. My Mum said it was very beautiful, unspoiled land which was very quiet, quaint and friendly. When we visited last summer my Mum said she could hardly recognise the place. Apart from the ever-beautiful mountains and lakes it was tourist haven with every other shop being either a tearoom or a gift shop. It was jam-packed, noisy and very different ( well, according to my Mum it was!) The Brecon Beacons seemed very unspoiled and quiet compared to Lake Windermere. Yes, the facilities such as shops, car parks, hotels, leisure facilities and toilets were much better and I am sure the locals earned a small fortune by it in the Summer Months but I am afraid to say it resembled more like Disneyland in Paris that a beautiful National Park in the North of England. But this is only my view (although I am certain some of the locals feel the same way). If it wasn't for all the interest in National Parks the Lake district would be barely visited and a kind of waste of space. Another disadvantage everywhere where tourists go, whether it be a National Park or not is that all work is seasonal. While the shops and services thrive in the warm summer month's trade begins to reduce to the local people when the weather turns cold. This means that some shops can't survive and have to shut. In the summer some services can be so full the local people can't use them but in the winter the services are not needed and shut down. Crime and Vandalism, noise pollution, litter, poaching and other things like that are a major problem in all National Parks and the Lake District is no exeption. Car crime is very high in Car parks and there are some very inconsiderate people about. The Park Ranger is partly in charge of this area but he can't be everywhere at once and this DOES take place-maybe even putting people off visiting the park altogether. Having Second Home owners in the area can put many noses out of joint. Second Home owners are like tourists, they only come when the weather is fine leaving services/shops to suffer when they are having a nice time back at home. They can ‘revamp' their second homes to make them not in keeping with the area. They can also bring their own town influences into the countryside and raise house prices. In other words-Second homeowners are big problems in the Lake District. As with any area-people can take things too far. On Lake Windermere the planners have decided to set a 16-km/h speed limit on the lake. This is because the noisy speedboats and water skiers are spoiling the quietness of the lake and spoiling the enjoyment of others. They also make more air pollution. Other lakes on the park such as Ullswater, Coniston Water and Derwent Water(see map on page2) have had this ban imposed and it seems to be working well. But this is bound to ruffle a few feathers and arguments are taking place about whether the ban should take place or not. Some arguments are that tourists already have miles and miles of quiet land to enjoy, why not let this little bit of water be noisy? They also brought up the point that some lines of trade will suffer when people go elsewhere to use their water ski's/power boats. Now, I have gone on for ages about how awful National Parks are. You must be thinking ‘ Why one earth do we have National Parks if they cause all of this trouble?' As you are now going to find out, National Parks have many advantages too. ADVANTAGES One of the main advantages of a National Park, any national Park, is the money that tourists bring with them. In 1995 the UK had an amazing 23.5 million foreign visitors who spent and astounding à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½12 billion! That is an awful lot of money! Tourist also employs 1.5 million people in places such as hotels, cafes, pubs, travel agencies etc. Okay, so lots of these visitors didn't visit National Parks and didn't spend money in them but tourism in National Parks is big business. In Windermere and Keswick-big places for tourists to visit in the Lake District (see page two map)- half of the workforce are employed in the tourist industry! That is an awful lot if you can compare that to the 6% nationally. In 1995 tourists spent a great à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 446 million in Cumbria alone-most of it being spent in the Lake District. Some ways tourists spend money are: * Accommodation- hotels, campsites, holiday cottages etc * Food and Drink-restaurants, cafes, pubs, food shops etc * Leisure- this is HUGE business from outdoor pursuits to boat trips to museums and so on * And so much more little things such as gifts and general shopping The services in the Lake District National Parks have increased due to the extra visitors. This is good news for the locals. If the area hadn't been changed to a National Park it would just be plain, rural land with very few services. Public transport had improved dramatically with more connections leading out of the Lake District so that tourists can easily get there but also letting the locals get out and about easier. The amount of shops are the same as services, there are more than there would have been had it not been for the National Park. As the national Parks welcome everyone people have a lovely, beautiful place to visit. If the land weren't a national park it would be at risk to developments being built on the site which would spoil the scenic beauty. If people visit the Lake District and see how beautiful it all is they may be extra careful and be inspired to take better care of the environment. They may also realise that they need to protect the land for generations to come. Litter and Pollution may also be reduced as they realise that there is no need to spoil the natural world. The Park Ranger and the people who care for the Lake District do a great job of protecting the environment in the Lake District. It is a nice, usually safe place for animals, birds and plants/flowers. People from the large town and cities have an opportunity to see the beautiful British wildlife that they wouldn't find in the towns and cities. The park Rangers in the Lake District also encourage tree planting. We all know that we depend on trees to give us oxygen so that we can breath so this is a great thing especially as so many trees are now being cut down to provide space for houses. Park Rangers and workers in the National Parks all over Britain does a number of great things including * Refuse permission for unsuitable buildings/developments that would spoil the park * Arrange talks and guided walks to educate the people about the park * Monitor and clean up pollution * Encourage suitable developments and so much more. * Some National Parks are home to some rare plants/flowers and the Lake District is no exeption. Now I have looked at all the information I now have to see whether or not the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. If you see what I have written you will discover I have written more about the disadvantages than the advantages. But this is not necessarily a bad thing. In my view I think anything that preserves the natural beauty of our world if a good thing. With all the overcrowding, noise and pollution of this world we need a place where we can just go to relax without too much noise, big buildings or offices. Yes, there are disadvantages but I think that people can put up with a bit of inconvenience if it means that we make this world a nicer place to be-don't you?

Financial Services Coursework titles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Financial Services Coursework titles - Essay Example Many people have suggested several things; however one recommendation with which most of the analysts would agree is to go beyond micro-based approach to macro-based approach. This means that the approach needs to be changed from an individual perspective to the overall market perspective. In addition to this, it has been criticized that the role of financial institutions and financial regulations were insufficient in predicting and identifying such a major change in the economic condition of the country, at the time when the economy was going into recession. There has been a growing concern that a macroprudential approached needs to be adopted in order to make the economy more stable and strong. Macroprudential policy is defined as a concept in the banking regulation which defines about the financial instability in an economy and how these instabilities can be prevented through public policy. Analysts have claimed that a purely microprudential perspective is not satisfactory enough to maintain the stability of the economic condition. ... It has also been predicted that the impact of financial crisis would have been a lot less if macroprudential policy would have been appropriate and the gap between the macroeconomic policy and regulation of individual financial institutions would have been narrower. After the financial crisis, analysts have recommended that prudential regulatory framework also needs to be recreated so that it would be more focused on the financial system so that such crisis do not occur again and the economy is able to recover from its position. In addition to this, the other main objective would be to ensure that the financial institutions do not impose undesirable costs on the society just like the cost that the overall society had to bear because of the recent financial crisis (Bank of England, 2009). MACROPRUDENTIAL POLICY Macroprudential policy helps in identifying the loopholes that occur in the banking regulation because of which chances of financial instability occur in the country. Not only this, but macroprudential policy helps in how to reduce these instabilities in the economy and it talks about preventive measures through which such economic crisis do not occur again. Macroprudential policy tends to complement microprudential policy and macroprudential policy interacts with different types of public policy which influences the financial stability of the economy. After the recent crisis, analysts have demanded a clear division between the two terms; macroprudential policy and microprudential policy. However the main objective of the policies would remain the same i.e. to minimize the risk of the economy. Many people demanded to have new set of macroprudential policy tools in order to make the